Calling to Breathrens essays

Calling to Breathrens expositions The primary Continental Congress met in Carpenter's Hall in Philadelphia, from September 5, to October 26, 1774. Craftsman's Hall is the seat of the Pennsylvania Congress. This is the place we can choose pioneer assemblies, or panels of correspondence. The destinations of the body are for the individuals, notwithstanding; now and then not so much obvious to the open eye in any case, with authority they we will be coordinated to a bound together nation. It is pleasant to all that the King and Parliament must be made to comprehend the setback of the states and that the body must do everything conceivable to convey the equivalent to the number of inhabitants in America, and to the remainder of the world. I call toward the northern settlements and southern states to join together and oppose Great Britain our sister country. Who should bear the enormous weight of obligation brought about by Great Britain in battling and winning the war? To the British, it appears to be plainly obvious in light of the fact that the war generally is to a great extent to protect British pioneer assets we the settlements ought not contribute a considerable amount to assuaging wartime obligation. In 1764, the British passed the Sugar Act, the principal law pointed carefully at collecting pioneer cash for the Crown, expanding the obligations on stock brought into the settlements in the event that it was not of British inception. Likewise settled was the Stamp Act, the primary direct toll on the Colonies and went to produce assets for the British. Papers, chronicles, flyers, broadsides, authoritative reports, shakers, and playing a card game were burdened by this demonstration. Stamps, gave by the British, were joined to the burdened things to demonstrate that the assessment has been paid. Homesteaders have reacted to the Stamp Act with composed dissent. The non-importation endeavors were expanded and the Sons of Liberty were as of late shaped. Their endeavors were compelling before the finish of 1765 the Sons of Liberty existed in each province. The ... <!

On the instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

On the guidance - Essay Example This issue can be comprehended through parental, gatekeeper just as educators’ mediation in order to be in a situation to teach kids about the valuable utilization of the web. It ought to be everyone’s obligation to give web safe instruction to the youngsters with the goal that they become mindful of the dangers they are probably going to experience using the web. The other arrangement that can be actualized so as to manage this specific issue is identified with strengthening of the youngsters so they can become bosses of the predetermination in most definitely. There are various methods of executing these measures which are probably going to give a long answer for the difficult that is identified with unfriendly effects of the web on youngsters. As indicated by the Internet Society, â€Å"the best approach to manage apparent issues emerging from Internet use is to enable youngsters and youngsters so they realize how to defend themselves against the antagonistic impact s of utilizing the internet.† Whilst different systems are utilized by various governments, for example, sifting or blocking sites that are thought to contain malignant data to kids, it tends to be seen that these procedures have their own deficits. An all encompassing methodology that is individuals focused ought to be executed so as to address this issue. Strengthening of youngsters with respect to the utilization of the web is exceptionally powerful since this procedure is intended to deliver positive advantages of utilizing the web. There are distinctive strengthening strategies that can be utilized, for example, showing the kids suitable language to use just as bestowing information to them about their separate communities’ social, social and moral standards that shape their conduct. Each individual has a place with a culture that has standards and values and these make the character of the individuals living in that specific region. The way of life of individuals additionally shapes their character thus it is the job of the guardians specifically to give information about their social qualities to the youngsters. This can assist the youngsters with distinguishing between something that is acceptable from awful. Kids who know about their social qualities are probably going to keep up them for the duration of their lives. These qualities additionally help them to know the things they are permitted to do just as things they are not permitted to do in their general public. Ethically upstanding youngsters frequently show positive characteristics about their way of life and this can recover them from carrying on severely when they are utilizing the web. It is significant for the guardians just as the teachers to instruct their youngsters about the positive advantages that can be gotten from utilizing the web. As expressed by the Internet Society, it very well may be seen that the web isn't underhanded since it has altogether improved our lives in different manners. There are more advantages that are probably going to be acquired from utilizing the web than the negative angles, for example, the ones referenced previously. Basically, guardians and the instructors ought to consistently endeavor to teach their youngsters to be in a situation to make a differentiation between something that is terrible from acceptable. While the guardians and educators invest a large portion of the energy with their kids, it tends to be noticed that they can't control their conduct all the

Are Payday Loans Fixed or Variable - OppLoans

Are Payday Loans Fixed or Variable - OppLoans Are Payday Loans Fixed or Variable?Inside Subprime: Feb 5, 2019By Ben MooreLoans either come with a fixed or variable interest rate. Fixed interest rate loans are loans for which the interest rate will remain the same for the lifetime of the loan. Fixed interest loan interest rates do not change regardless of how the market rate fluctuates, which results in payments being the same over the lifetime of the loan.In comparison, a variable interest rate loan is a loan in which the interest rate charged on the outstanding balance changes as market interest rates change. As a result, monthly payments willvary as well, increasing or decreasing in tandem with the market rates. In general, short-term personal loans tend to have a fixed interest rate and fixed repayment period. Lenders will perform a credit check to determine the interest rate at which the loan will be paid off.Payday loans do not require  a credit check, and applying for one does not necessarily impact your credit score, at l east up front. Payday loans are often advertised as a quick solution for those who need cash urgently, and are particularly appealing to customers with poor or zero credit. As long as the borrower has proof of income, identification, and a bank account, they are likely to qualify for a payday loan. And once approved, the borrower receives the money immediately. Payday loans are fixed-rate loans, with interest rates that remain the same throughout the term of the loan.How do payday loans work?Although the structure of repayment for a payday loan can vary by lender, a borrower may be able to accept the lump sum as cash, via prepaid debit cards, or a direct deposit to their bank account. Payday loans are often made in the amount of $500 or less, although different lenders may offer higher loan limits or borrowers may want to take less than that. The repayment period on a payday loan is typically two weeks.In terms of loan fees, many state laws set a maximum amount for fees ranging from $10 to $30 for every $100 borrowed. A typical two-week payday loan with a $15 per $100 fee equates to an annual percentage rate of almost 400 percent. By comparison, APRs on credit cards can range from about 12 percent to about 30 percent. In many states that permit payday lending, the cost of the loan, fees, and the maximum loan amount are capped.However, some lenders will allow the borrower the ability to roll over a loan, which means the lender will extend the repayment period if the customer can’t meet the full payment at the end of those two weeks. The lender will charge an additional fee for a rollover, which can significantly increase the total cost of the loan. For example, taking out a $300 payday loan in Texas would cost a borrower $701 over the course of five months. Payday loans tend to trap borrowers in a cycle of debt because of rollovers, which drive up the overall cost of the loan over the loan’s lifetime.For more information on  payday loans, scams, and  cash a dvances  and  check out our city and state financial guides  including Florida,  Indiana, Illinois, Kansas,  Kentucky, Missouri,  Ohio,  Texas and more.Visit  OppLoans  on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

Zar A Marketing Strategy - 1313 Words

Introduction Zara was founded in 1975 in Spain. Inditex which is the parent of Zara Company was founded ten years later by Co finder of this company, Amancio Ortega . Inditex has 7 other brands like Pull Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho and Uterqà ¼e. These companies have the same sales management approach with a focus on customers. In 1975, Zara opened its first store in A Coruà ±a in northwest of Spain. Today, Zara operates over 2000 stores in more than 88 countries around the world (Lu, 2014). The scale of production for Zara is close to 450 million items in a single year. According to Vincen, Kantor, and Geller (2013) Zara has enough knowledge in producing and offering fashion design products with reasonable prices. In addition, Zara is famous in quick delivery of new collection merchandise to their stores. According to Forbes, other retailers take six months to deliver new items to stores; however, Zara has ability to produce and deliver new products within two weeks. In fact, Zara had more advantage than any other brands in this fields. This competitive advantage for Zara is based on controlling business procedures in supply chain. This company is very different from most retailers who outsource their manufacturing to third party firms in other countries. Zara owns and closely controls their supply chain process which helps them to have more market demand (Lu, 2014). Zara Value Chain A value chain can be described by all activities that help aShow MoreRelatedGlobalization of South Africa8279 Words   |  34 Pagesemployment equity, skills development, ownership, management, socio-economic development and preferential procurement. Successful implementers of BEE also see it as a means to create economic growth in SA, and a vital element of their enterprises strategy. Table 1 shows the Balanced Scorecard which the Enterprises may be rated based on. All seven pillars must be addressed totaling 100 points. Table 1. The generic Balanced Scorecard Element Weighting Compliance Targets Ownership Management ControlRead MoreManaging People and Performance5715 Words   |  23 Pages2.2.1 Operational resource capabilities..................................................................... 10 2.2.2 IT resource capabilities .................................................................................... 11 2.2 Principle Strategies ................................................................................................. 13 2.2.1 Planning and control ........................................................................................ 13 2.2.2 Capacity .........Read MoreMarketing Strategies of Godrej6674 Words   |  27 PagesGodrej Marketing strategies of Godrej UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION Marketing is defined by American Marketing Association [AMA] as â€Å"the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.† Broadly â€Å"marketing is a social and managerial process by which individuals and organizations obtain what they want through creating and exchanging value with others.† Marketing has alwaysRead MoreForeign Exchange Hedging Strategies at General Motors2786 Words   |  12 Pagesdesign and implementation of an effective FX risk management In order to design an effective FX hedging strategy, it is With almost any business activity, performance necessary to know exactly what the strategy is intended measurement is essential to determine the effectiveness to accomplish. While this may appear to be self-evident, of a chosen strategy. If a company’s marketing department volatility experienced in the foreign exchange markets over the past the process of determiningRead MoreBusiness Plan for Point Footwear Manufacturing Distribution5149 Words   |  21 PagesProgramme Business Plan for POINT footwear manufacturing and distribution Submitted by : Nay Zar Myo Roll No : 36 15th Batch MBA Plan Outline 1. Executive Summary 2. Company Summary 3. Products 4. Market Analysis Summary i. Market Segmentation ii. Distribution Strategy iii. Market Trends 5. Competition and Buying Patterns Competitive Edge 6. Strategy and Implementation Summary Sales Strategy 7. Management Summary 8. Financial Plan i. Important Assumptions ii. Break-even AnalysisRead MoreCellc South Africa - Marketing15638 Words   |  63 PagesTarget Marketing and its Importance in telecommunications This focuses on selling a product or service to a current market. However a strategic market embraces the potential market for the product or service. (Kotler and Keller; 2009: 86). An organization that markets directly to their end users to sell their products and services are benefitting from the concept â€Å"direct marketing†. Therefore there is an interactive communication with the end user, thus the most effective direct marketing takesRead MoreUsa Furniture Manufacturing Industry8030 Words   |  33 PagesStrengths 26 3.2.2 Weaknesses 27 3.2.3 Opportunities 27 3.2.4 Threats 27 3.3 National competitive advantage 27 3.3.1 Factor endowments 28 3.3.2 Demand conditions 29 3.3.3 Related support industries 29 3.3.4 Corporate strategy, structure and Rivalry 30 3.3.5 Other influences 30 3.3.6 Concerns regarding this model 30 3.3.7 Conclusion of the Diamond Model 31 3.4 Demographic trends 31 3.4.1 U.S. Workforce 32 3.4.2 US Education 33 3.5 TreatiesRead MoreJhonson and Johnson Strategic Analysis Process11325 Words   |  46 PagesTrend | EUR | 1.392 | 1.4405 | 0.0485 | GBP | 1.462 | 1.6221 | 0.1601 | JPY | 0.011 | 0.0108 | -0.0002 | CAD | 0.817 | 0.9523 | 0.1353 | AUD | 0.6983 | 0.8999 | 0.2016 | CHF | 0.9369 | 0.9711 | 0.0342 | CNY | 0.1466 | 0.1465 | -0.0001 | ZAR | 0.1075 | 0.1351 | 0.0276 | MXN | 0.0723 | 0.0761 | 0.0038 | Being that JNJ’s international operations account for almost half of their sales and revenues, foreign exchange rates can also influence JNJ. With the U.S. dollar losing value comparedRead MoreInstitution as the Fundamental Cause of Long Tern Growth39832 Words   |  160 Pagesinstitutions in their favor following their victories against the Stuart monarchy, but also to alter political institutions and the future allocation of de jure power. Using political power to change political institutions then emerges as a useful strategy to make gains more durable. The framework that we propose, therefore, emphasizes the importance of political institutions, and changes in political institutions, as a way of manipulating future political power, and thus indirectly shaping futureRead MoreAnz Bank142091 Words   |  569 PagesAustralia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (â€Å"the Company†) together with its subsidiaries which are variously described as: †ANZ†, â€Å"Group†, â€Å"ANZ Group†, â€Å"the Bank†, â€Å"us†, â€Å"we† or â€Å"our†. ANZ ANNUAL REPORT 2014 ANZ IS EXECUTING A FOCUSED STRATEGY TO BUILD THE BEST CONNECTED, MOST RESPECTED BANK ACROSS THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION WHO WE ARE AND HOW WE OPERATE ANZ’s history of expansion and growth stretches over 175 years. We have a strong franchise in Retail, Commercial and Institutional

Japanese Lessons

Following is the complete list of my free online Japanese lessons. If you are new to the language and dont know where to start learning, try my  Learn to Speak Japanese  page. If you would like to learn how to write, my  Japanese Writing for Beginners  is a good place to start learning hiragana, katakana and kanji. As for listening practice, try my Japanese Audio Files  page. You will also find many other tools on my site to help you learn. A great way to keep track of all the updates on my site is by signing up for my free language newsletters. The Word of the Day E-course will give you something new to study each day. The Weekly Newsletter will provide you with all the featured content that has appeared on my site. You can also see what other learners have asked in my Question of the Week link. In addition to the newsletters, my site also has Phrase of the Day Lessons. Phrase of the Day helps you to think in Japanese while you are doing common tasks throughout the day. It will help you get more into the Japanese mindset and grasp the structure of the language. You can also try out my Simple Japanese Phrases if you are more of a beginner. They are great to use if you happen to have a Japanese friend to practice with. Another great way to help you learn a language is to make it fun. Try out my Quizzes and Games link for lots of fun exercises that will make learning even more enjoyable. The more you keep something fun and fresh, the more youll want to keep doing it. Learning about culture is also an effective way to stimulate learning. The Japanese language is closely tied with its culture, so it is a fascinating and useful way to learn. It is really difficult to learn a language if you dont have a grasp of the culture. You can also try out my Reading Practice, which contains stories about culture and life, but are written in kanji, hiragana and katakana. Not to worry as they also contain an English translation and an easy to read romaji revision. Introduction to Japanese * Learn to Speak Japanese - Thinking of learning Japanese and want to know more, start here. * Introductory Lessons - If you are ready   to learn Japanese, start here. * Basic Lessons - Confident with the basic lessons or want to brush up, go here. * Grammar/Expressions - Verbs, adjectives, particles, pronouns, useful expressions and more. Japanese Writing * Japanese Writing for Beginners - Introduction to Japanese writing. * Kanji Lessons - Are you interested in kanji? Here you will find the most commonly used kanji characters.   * Hiragana Lessons - Here you will find all 46 hiragana and how to write them. * Learn Hiragana with Japanese Culture - Lessons to practice hiragana with Japanese cultural examples. * Katakana Lessons - Here you will find all 46 katakana and how to write them. Listening Comprehension and Pronunciation   * Japanese Audio Files - Use them on a regular basis to improve your speech. * Japanese Language Videos   - Free instructional videos to improve your comprehension. Japanese Vocabulary * Simple Japanese Phrases - Try these simple phrases whenever you have a chance. * Japanese Phrase of the Day - Think in Japanese when you do these daily actions. * Japanese Word of the Day - Learn a new Japanese word every day. Reading Practice * Japanese Reading Practice - Short Japanese essays about daily life and culture.   Other Japanese Lessons * Question of the Week - Useful questions about the Japanese language from viewers. * Japanese Quizzes and Games * Articles about Japanese Language and Culture Free Japanese Language Newsletters * Weekly Japanese Language Newsletter * Daily Japanese Word of the Day E-course

Terrorist Attacks On The World Trade Center - 1924 Words

September 11th, 2001. It is a date that will always be remembered as the date of random terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City. These cruel events took terrorist attacks within the United States, suppress the susceptibility of the United States to terrorism, and diminish damage and assist in recovery against any unwanted attacks. Congress s main focus for Homeland Security is â€Å"Intelligence and warning; Border and transportation security; domestic counterterrorism; protecting critical infrastructure; defending against catastrophic threats; and emergency preparedness and response (Whitehouse 1)†. The department of Homeland Security is extended throughout the United States with valuable information that is constantly being thrown back and forth across the United States. â€Å"In 2001, about 3 million people were employed in protective services, or about 2.3 percent of the 130 million U.S. workers. Four years later, nationwide employment was up to 132 million, and the number of protective services workers had grown to 3.1 million. Still 2.3 percent of the total (Cassel 1)†. Washington spent more in 2005 than in 2001 by 34 billion dollars on the Homeland Security Act. In logic makes sense in order to protect the citizens of the United States. There’s a famous quote â€Å"keep poking the bear you re bound to be mauled† so congress initiated the Patriot Act. Many great outcomes came with this law, but with all great outcomes comes some issues, that later turned intoShow MoreRelatedThe Terrorist Attack On The World Trade Center1559 Words   |  7 PagesThe two terrorist attacks that I will examine are the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center that took place on February 26, 1993 and The Boston Marathon Bombing took place on April 15. 2013. I will also be providing an overview of the terrorist attack at the World Trade Center and the Boston Marathon Bombing. I will explain the lessons learned from each attack in my own opinion. I will also describe what protective measures were taken during the attacks to prevent further casualties and injuriesRead MoreThe Terrorist Attack On The World Trade Center1296 Words   |  6 PagesDo you remember the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center? After that attack, President Bush â€Å"Appointed the first-ever director of the nascent Office of Homeland Security†(Homeland Security past, present, future). Homeland Security is to oversee and coordinate a comprehensive national strategy to safeguard the United States against terrorism and to respond to any future attacks. â€Å"In November 2002, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) formally came into being as a standalone, Cabinet-levelRead MoreTerrorist Attacks On The World Trade Center1170 Words   |  5 PagesThere is little doubt that the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York on September 11 drastically changed America’s sense of security in recent years. Yet the country is facing another kind of threat, one that is not entirely different than the dangers of terrorism at a global scale: domestic terrorism. At its core, domestic terrorism differs from any other type of terrorism in the sense that those who carry it out are citizens or permanent residents o f a given country and who inflictRead MoreThe Terrorist Attacks On The World Trade Center1377 Words   |  6 PagesThe terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and the downing of an airplane by passengers on September 11, 2001 left many Americans reeling with fear and feeling vulnerable. The American people no longer felt safe and protected on their homeland soil. It was a violation of security that united not only the American people, but countries around the world. Shortly after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, then President, George W. Bush, proposed the creation of the DepartmentRead MoreTerrorist Attacks On The World Trade Center Towers And Pentagon985 Words   |  4 PagesOnce there was a 9/11 truther. He believed that the so-called terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center towers and Pentagon on September 11th, 2001 were secretly ordered and carried out by the United States government as part of a false flag operation to stir up popular outra ge against their enemies abroad so that the evil George W Bush could work his will upon the world. Recently, the truther took an Introduction to Physical Science class. The swarmy professor who teaches the course mocked himRead MoreTerrorist Attacks: Pearl Harbour and The World Trade Center Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesmistakenly done. Two big history repeats that are partially similar are terrorist attacks. Two terrorist attacks, both at different times, and both unexpected occurred. One being before the 1960’s and the other after. In the early morning of December 7, 1941, Pearl Harbor was attacked by the Imperial Japanese Navy. This was only one incident of terrorism. Another occurred on September 11, 2001 when the World Trade Center was attacked by Islamic extremists. Pearl Harbor began early on SundayRead MoreThe Events Of The 9 / 11 Terrorist Attack On The World Trade Center1170 Words   |  5 Pagesthe world is. The next thing I know, I am no longer capable of having trust and faith in others. My feelings of trust have changed since the events of the 9/11 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, the Bernie Madoff’s Ponzi scheme, and the Boston Marathon bombings. The 9/11 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center have had a large impact on my opinion about the amount of trust people deserve. When I first heard that the reason the planes had collided with the towers was a terrorist attackRead MoreThe Terrorist Attacks On The World Trade Center And The Pentagon On September 111522 Words   |  7 Pages PTSD was originally conceptualized as a disorder of combat veterans. Unfortunately, societies all over the world are being more and more exposed to war and its effects due to the increase of worldwide terrorism. The terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001 (9/11), exemplified a blend of extreme violence and man-made disaster previously confined to the battlefield. For American’s terrorism was a new phenomena that brought the atrocities of war to AmericanRead MoreThe Terrorist Attack On The World Trade Centers, Bernie Madoff s Ponzi Scheme, And The Boston Marathon1116 Words   |  5 Pageshow th e world is. The next thing I know, I am no longer capable of having trust and faith in others. My feelings of trust have changed sense the events of 9/11 terrorist attack on the world trade centers, Bernie Madoff’s Ponzi scheme, and the Boston Marathon bombings. The 9/11 terrorist attack on the world trade centers have had a large impact on my opinion about the amount of trust people deserve. When I first heard about the reason the planes had ran into the towers was a terrorist attack, beingRead MoreNew Operating Environment : The Supply Chain Management After The Terrorist Attacks On The World Trade Center1314 Words   |  6 PagesNew operating environment bought awareness to the supply chain management after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001. These events exposed the pre-existing and unseen risk of disruption to supply networks from terrorist attacks. The risk was there all along but the attacks made it real and foremost in our minds. Additionally, these events began to expose the more significant interdependence that exists between all firms in the supply network

Human Resource Management Initiative and ERP †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Management Initiative. Answer: Introduction Human resource management Human resource management is a relatively new approach that has gained importance in the past few decades and has brought a great revolution in the business world. Human resource management aims at improving the performance of the workforce and achieved it by developing better relations between employers and employees and promoting a better environment for the employees to work in (Hendry, 2012). Today, business organisations are spending billions of dollars every year in the management of their human resources because human resources have become an important asset for all business organisations. The investment in human resource is made with a hope that the business originations will be able to achieve market competencies by developing their human resources and increasing their competencies. Even in such tough market situations, where the market competition has reached a global scale, organisations have started feeling scarcity of resources but are always ready to invest these resources for the development of their human resources because they are heavily relying upon their human resources to help them in preforming better than the competitors (Armstrong Taylor, Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice, 2014). Thus, it becomes important for business organisations to measure the return on investment which they receive by allocating important resources to the ir human resources. Business Case ABC Company Pvt. Ltd. is a multinational manufacturing company based in Australia. The company was started in 1987 and has its foreign subsidiaries in China, India and Vietnam from where it outsources all the manufacturing process and assembles the final products in the headquarters (Australia). ABC Company Pvt. Ltd. has an approximate workforce of 850 employees that help the company in carrying out all of its operations. The company has been preforming well since its foundation but has started losing a significant portion of its market share of late. The loss in market share can be attributed to the companys orthodox work practices as the most of the departments in the company are still using multiple softwares to plan, monitor and analyse the work operations. The company has been conducting a lot of research in this area and has concluded that to remain competitive, it will have to implement an ERP business suite throughout its subsidiaries that will enable them to carry out their operations with more efficiency (Oseni, Rahim, Smith, Foster, 2014). The management of the company has finally decided to invest in the acquisition of an ERP business suite that will be tailored to the needs of the organisation and will cover important functional areas, such as human resource management, supply chain management, customer relationship management, financial management, production management, etc. but a major issue that the company is facing is to design and implement a training and development program that will be aimed at increasing the skills and technical efficiency of employees in using ERP business suite (Jain Sharma, 2016). Due to tough market competition and scarcity of resources, it is important for the company to allocate its resources towards the right business programs because a wastage of investment will not only make the company incur losses but also might throw it out of market competition and make it difficult for the company to sustain in the market for a longer period of time (Armstrong Taylor, Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice, 2017). To check whether the initiative is feasible or not, the company has planned that it will conduct a thorough cost-benefit analysis and check the return that it is likely to receive over a period of one year on the investment that it will have to make to fulfil the training and development program. Human resource management initiative The human resource management initiative that ABC Company Pvt. Ltd. is planning to undertake is the training and development of its employees so that they can become familiar with a new software that will be implemented in the workplace within a short period of time. Training and development is one of the most important core functions in human resource management that aims at improving the skills and competencies of the workforce so that they can cope up with the changing market trends (Jehanzeb Bashir, 2013). In this business setup, it is important for the business organisation to arrange for a training and development program that will help the employees in learning how to operate the new software and use its various tools and functions to carry out the business operations with a greater efficiency than before. The employees are going to be the end users of the new software, which makes it obvious that they should know how to operate it and also have knowledge about the errors or issues that might come up while using the software. In case the workforce is not comfortable with the software, the entire investment would go in vain and would even cause collateral damages to the company, such as loss of productivity, failure of supply chain managem ent, etc. The details of the training program are given below: On the job training and development sessions that would last for a month The employees will be trained for one hour during their work hours Professional support and software engineers will train the employees The employees will be taught how to use the software and deal with some major and minor errors that might occur while carrying out day-to-day operations Apart from training the employees for the software, the professionals will also conduct social activities and team building activities to help them understand the importance of team work and a team oriented environment (Phillips Phillips, 2016) The training sessions will also include simulation activities where the employees will be given practical situations to deal with A batch of 85 employees will be trained at once A total of 10 batches will be trained everyday The professionals will also help the employees in transferring the learnings from the training program to their jobs and will visit the company every week (for 1 month after the end of the program) to help the employees with any issues that they might be facing while using the software post-training. The training cost or the training fees will cost $600,000 to the company, which will include training and development of 850 employees over a period of one year and all the material that will be required for training the employees, such as papers, documents, books, study material, etc. The management at ABC Company Pvt. Ltd. is now planning to calculate a return on the investment and a cost-benefit analysis that it would achieve through the training and development program which it is planning to implement for the employees, so that a better view of the entire business decision can be achieved. Cost-benefit analysis Cost-benefit analysis is a process that allows business organisations to carefully analyse their decisions in terms of cost involved and the benefits that will be achieved. It is an approach in which the benefits of a business situation are analysed and then the cost associated with taking that action are subtracted. For this particular business case, the cost-benefit analysis will be analysed for a period of 1 year since the commencement of the training program. The cost incurred in a training program can be described as: The cost incurred towards the assessment of training needs, compensation of the training program designers, investment made in the acquisition of training material, computers, handouts, etc. The main cost of the training program i.e. the fees paid to the training organisation and professionals The third and one of the most important costs of a training program is the loss of working hours that will be caused due to the employees missing their work for a specific period of time to attend the training sessions (Cost Benefit Analysis for Training, n.d.). The cost incurred in this training and development program are given below: The main cost of the training program - $600,000, which includes an assessment of training needs, procurement of training material and the fees that will be paid to the training organisation. The loss in working hours of the employees will cost the company around $100/hour. The cost here is significantly reduced because the workforce will be divided into smaller groups and will be trained for one hour. When a particular group of employees will be attending the training session, the other groups can handle their work for the time being. On the overall, the company will have to bear a cost of $100/hour or $1000/day or $30,000 per month. In short, the loss of working hours will cost the company $30,000 in the entire training program. Total cost of the training program = $600,000 + $30,000 = $630,000 If the company will invest such a high amount in training and developing its employees, there must be certain benefits that the company aims at achieving through the training program, which will help the company in evolving in the market and becoming more competitive. The benefits of the training program are discussed below: The company will definitely be able to achieve an increase in its productivity and efficiency by helping the employees in becoming more competitive. The efficiency and productivity benefits will be around $50,000/month ($600,000/year) in terms of increased production, increased customer satisfaction and increase in sales due to streamlined operations and better quality products. The company will also be able to save a lot of resources that were earlier being wasted because of effort duplication. The company will achieve benefits worth $10,000/month ($120,000/year) in terms of saved resources The company will be able to increase the competencies of its workforce and will also be able to engage and retain them for a longer period of time. The monetary benefits of reduced labour turnover rates, better employee engagement and satisfaction levels will be approximately $2,000/month ($24,000/year) The company will be able to grab a greater market share and will become more competitive because of an increase in its workforce competencies. The benefits of this will be approximately $5,000/month ($60,000/year) Miscellaneous training and development benefits, such as increased team work, will be $1,500/month ($18,000/year) The total benefits that the company will be able to achieve through this training program in a single financial year are = $600,000 + $120,000 + $24,000 + $60,000 + $18,000 = $822,000/year From the above cost-benefit analysis, it can be clearly seen that the training program is highly beneficial for the company and will definitely provide the company with a competitive edge in the market. Return on investment model Return on investment, also known as ROI, is a model that helps business organisations in calculating the return that they will achieve by investing a certain amount of money in a specific program (Satiman, Mansor, Zulkifli, 2003). ROI helps business organisations in identifying the right investment opportunity by comparing the rate of return of different programs. The formula used for calculating the return on investment for a particular program is given below: Rate of return (in percentage) = (program benefits/costs of program) * 100 (Cost Benefit Analysis for Training, n.d.) The return on investment for the training and development program that the ABC Company Pvt. Ltd. is planning to implement in its workplace is given below: Rate of Return = (822,000/630,000) * 100 = 130.5%, which means that for every dollar invested in the training program, the company will receive an approximate return of $1.3 above the cost of the training program. Evaluation From the above cost-benefit analysis, it is evident that the benefits of the human resource management initiative being planned by the organisation will far outweigh the cost of the entire training and development program. The company will receive a return of 130.5% on the investment that it will make in training and developing its employees over a period of one year. To sum up, the benefits of the training program are listed below: A competitive workforce that will be able to use an ERP business suite to carry out various functions and operations of the business organisation A workforce that would understand the important of team work and will be comfortable in working as a team An increase in the level of employee satisfaction and competencies because of the training program Increased job satisfaction, job engagement, job commitment and organisational commitment Reduced employee turnover rates and absenteeism Streamlined operations Greater efficiency and productivity due to digitisation of operations Less wastage of resources due to reduced duplication of efforts A competitive edge in the market Critical Reflective Analysis Even though there were a number of problems in finding out the right costs and benefits related with the training and development initiative being planned by ABC Company Pvt. Ltd., on the overall, the report has been greatly helpful in understanding the importance that cost benefit analysis and return on investment play in a business set up. In the present day business world, the competition has reached a global scale and the resources available to business organisations are also scarce, which increases the importance of investing the right amount of resources in the best available options so that the companies can ensure a sustainable position in the market for a longer run. The business case of ABC Company Pvt. Ltd. is helpful in understanding the way in which a cost benefit analysis and a return on investment approach can be used to identify the positive outcomes of a project. The case is also helpful in understanding that business decisions can become better when the cost involve d is weighed against the monetary as well as the non-monetary benefits of a project. After preparing this report, to become competitive and to ensure success in the market, one must analyse each and every business opportunity using a cost benefit analysis and a return on investment model so that the project that can bring the highest return on investment is passed. Comparing the cost-benefit analysis and the return on investments of different initiatives can help in understanding the feasibility of each initiative and choosing the best imitative out of multiple initiatives. Bibliography Jehanzeb, K., Bashir, N. A. (2013). Training and Development Program and its Benefits to Employee and Organization: A Conceptual Study . European Journal of Business and Management , 5(2). Cost Benefit Analysis for Training. (n.d.). Retrieved May 05, 2017, from www.managementstudyguide.com: https://www.managementstudyguide.com/cost-benefit-analysis-for-training.htm Nas, T. F. (2016). Cost-Benefit Analysis: Theory and Application. Lexington Books. Rackley, J. (2015). 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